A Review of U.S. and Serbia Cooperation on Implementation of the Additional Protocol in Serbia

The International Nuclear Safeguards Engagement Program (INSEP), a part of the United States Department of Energy (DOE) National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA), and the Serbian Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety Agency (SRPNA), as well as counterparts at the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and in the European Commission (EC)/EURATOM, have recently concluded a multi-year collaboration aimed at assisting the Government of Serbia to prepare for the entry-into- force of the Model Additional Protocol (AP). From the U.S. perspective, the goal of the engagement was to prepare the State System of Accounting for and Control of Nuclear Material (SSAC), in this case SRPNA, to administer the Additional Protocol. During five engagements over four years, dozens of persons committed, time, energy and resources to ensure that the stakeholders achieved this goal. The Safeguards Agreement2, concluded between the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and the IAEA, was signed on May 26, 1972 and in force since December 28, 1973; subsequently, safeguards inspections have been carried out regularly to this date. The agreement continues to be applied in the Republic of Serbia (formerly in Serbia and Montenegro) by succession, to the extent relevant to its territory.