Year
2004
Abstract
In the 70s and 80s of the past century, radioisotope thermoelectric generators by electric capacity of up to hundreds of watts were widely used in Russia to power equipment located in remote and difficult-to-access regions. RTG uses the principle of direct conversion of thermal energy released as a result of the radioactive decay of 90Sr into electric energy. RTGs are capable of providing long-lasting and reliable power supply in any climatic zone, they are insensitive to weather conditions and have incredible lifetime (up to 20 years and more). As of today, several hundreds RTGs are in operation. After the tragic events of September 11th, security specialists in all countries have recognized the scope of threat posed by intentional contamination of densely populated districts of cities with radioactive substances. Recognizing the risk of further operation of RTGs in the current mode, authorized Russian organizations in cooperation with the U. S. DOE/NNSA have started a joint program with efforts directed on: • RTG replacement with alternative power sources; • Consolidation of decommissioned RTGs in temporary storage sites that are specially equipped, guarded and have physical protection systems in place; • Delivery of decommissioned RTGs to Minatom plants for further disassembly and disposal of capsules with 90Sr; Under the present program, 6 pilot RTGs shall be replaced with solar panels or winddriven generators during the summer of this year. Currently the works on testing the alternative power sources in conditions of arctic night, high humidity, and sharp changes of the wind load have been started.