In-Born Radio Frequency Identification Devices for Safeguards Use at Gas-Centrifuge Enrichment Plants

Global expansion of nuclear power has made the need for improved safeguards measures at Gas Centrifuge Enrichment Plants (GCEPs) imperative. One technology under consideration for safeguards applications is Radio Frequency Identification Devices (RFIDs). RFIDs have the potential to increase IAEA inspector's efficiency and effectiveness either by reducing the number of inspection visits necessary or by reducing inspection effect at those visits. This staudy assesses the use of RFIDs as an integral component of the \"Option 4\" safeguards approach developed by Bruce Moran, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commissioin (NRC), for a model GCEP[1]. A previous analysis of RFIDs was conducted by Jae Jo, Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), which evaluated the ffectiveness of an RFID tag applied by the facility operator[2]. This paper presents a similar evaluation carried out in the framework of Jo's paper, but it ispredicated on the assumption that the RFID tag is applied by the manufacturer at the birth of the cylinder, rather than by the operator. Relevant diversion scenarios are examined to determine if RFIDs increa the effectiveness and/or effeciency of safeguards in these scenarios. Conclusions on the benefits offered to inspectors by using in-born RFID taggin are presented.